Menopause Transition: Hormonal Decline & Phytoestrogenic Interventions
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Menopause is a natural biological transition in a woman's life, marking the end of reproductive capability and characterized by a gradual decline in ovarian hormones, particularly estrogen and progesterone. This hormonal shift leads to a wide range of physiological, psychological, and metabolic changes, including vasomotor symptoms, mood disturbances, bone loss, and increased cardiovascular risk. In recent years, there has been growing interest in plant-based alternatives, especially phytoestrogens, as safer and more holistic options for managing menopausal symptoms. Phytoestrogens, derived from natural sources such as soy, flaxseed, and medicinal herbs, mimic estrogenic activity and help restore hormonal balance. This chapter reviews the reproductive life cycle and the physiology of the menopause transition, the symptoms and long-term health consequences of estrogen decline, and the pharmacological basis and clinical evidence for phytoestrogenic and herbal interventions, offering an integrative perspective on safer management of menopause-related complications.
Author Affiliations
- 1 Lecturer, Department of Pharmaceutics, R V P M Institute of Pharmacy, Dwarka, Nashik, India.