Herb-Drug Interactions, Toxicity and Safety Profiling
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
The use of herbal medicines in women's healthcare is increasing for the management of reproductive illnesses, menopausal symptoms, polycystic ovarian syndrome, infertility, pregnancy-related issues, and overall wellness. Despite their widespread application, numerous concerns exist regarding herb-drug interactions, toxicity, and safety, particularly when herbal medications are administered alongside conventional pharmacotherapy. This chapter reviews the mechanisms of herb-drug interactions, encompassing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic pathways that may influence therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects. It also investigates the toxicology of herbal remedies, focusing on organ-specific toxicity, reproductive safety, dose-dependent adverse effects, contamination, adulteration, and variations in quality. Current methodologies for safety profiling are discussed, including preclinical toxicity studies, clinical assessments, pharmacovigilance, and risk appraisal, to facilitate evidence-based application. The chapter underscores the importance of phytochemical standardisation, regulatory adherence, and robust safety evaluation to ensure the responsible use of herbal medicines in women's health.
Author Affiliations
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Kolpe Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpewadi, Tal. Kopargaon, Dist. Ahilyanagar 423602, Maharashtra, India.
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rashtriya College of Pharmacy, Hatnoor, Tal. Kannad, Dist. Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar 431102, Maharashtra, India.
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutics, SND College of Pharmacy, Babhulgaon, Tal. Yeola, Dist. Nashik 423401, Maharashtra, India.
- 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. Kolpe Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpewadi, Tal. Kopargaon, Dist. Ahilyanagar 423602, Maharashtra, India.